【参赛作品49】openGauss单机部署

作者:可达

openGauss单机部署

一、安装环境

1.操作系统:虚拟机VMware、CentOS7.9

2.环境设置:

(1)虚拟机内存3G、磁盘100G

(2)系统版本修改

一开始使用了centos8,无法安装,因此降低版本,选用7.9后依然存在一些问题,因此修改/etc/redhat-release文件中系统版本为CentOS Linux release 7.6(Core)

(3)配置YUM源

①删除系统自带yum源
 
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
②下载阿里云yum源
 
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
③生成仓库缓存
 
yum makecache

(4)安装依赖包

 
1 yum install ‐y libaio‐devel flex bison ncurses‐devel glibc.devel patch lsb_release 2 yum install ‐y openssl* python3

(5)关闭SELINUX和Firewall

 
1 setenforce 0 2 systemctl disable firewalld.service 3 systemctl stop firewalld.service

(6)关闭交换内存

 
swapoff -a

(7)关闭透明大页

 
1 vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local 2 if test ‐f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled; 3 then 4 echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled 5 fi 6 if test ‐f /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag; 7 then 8 echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag 9 fi

(8)修改主机名

 
1 echo "node1" > /etc/hostname 2 echo “ 192.168.17.129 node1” >>/etc/hosts

二、安装详细步骤

1.Opengauss安装

(1)下载opengauss安装包及创建用户组和目录

 
1 groupadd dbgrp 2 useradd -g dbgrp -d /home/omm -m -s /bin/bash omm 3 echo "omm" | passwd -‐stdin omm 4 mkdir -p /opt/software/openGauss 5 chmod 755 -R /opt/software 6 chown -R omm:dbgrp /opt/software/openGauss cd /opt/software/openGauss/ 7 wget https://opengauss.obs.cn-south-1.myhuaweicloud.com/2.0.0/x86/openGauss-2.0.0-CentOS-64bit-all.tar.gz 8 tar -zxvf openGauss-2.0.0-CentOS-64bit-all.tar.gz 9 tar -zxvf openGauss-2.0.0-CentOS-64bit-om.tar.gz

(2)单机xml配置文件

首先从如下地址复制文件至当前位置

 
cp script/gspylib/etc/conf/cluster_config_template.xml .

修改配置文件具体如下,配置文件中要注意配置一下几个参数:nodeNAMES、backips

 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <ROOT> <!-- openGauss整体信息 --> <CLUSTER> <!-- 数据库名称 --> <PARAM name="clusterName" value="singlenode" /> <!-- 数据库节点名称(hostname) --> <PARAM name="nodeNames" value="node1" /> <!-- 数据库安装目录--> <PARAM name="gaussdbAppPath" value="/opt/huawei/install/app" /> <!-- 日志目录--> <PARAM name="gaussdbLogPath" value="/opt/huawei/log" /> <!-- 临时文件目录--> <PARAM name="tmpMppdbPath" value="/opt/huawei/tmp" /> <!-- 数据库工具目录--> <PARAM name="gaussdbToolPath" value="/opt/huawei/install/om" /> <!-- 数据库core文件目录--> <PARAM name="corePath" value="/opt/huawei/corefile" /> <!-- 节点IP,与数据库节点名称列表一一对应 --> <PARAM name="clusterType" value="single-inst"/> <PARAM name="backIp1s" value="192.168.17.129"/> </CLUSTER> <!-- 每台服务器上的节点部署信息 --> <DEVICELIST> <!-- 节点1上的部署信息 --> <DEVICE sn="1000001"> <!-- 节点1的主机名称 --> <PARAM name="name" value="node1"/> <!-- 节点1所在的AZ及AZ优先级 --> <PARAM name="azName" value="AZ1"/> <PARAM name="azPriority" value="1"/> <!-- 节点1的IP,如果服务器只有一个网卡可用,将backIP1和sshIP1配置成同一个IP --> <PARAM name="backIp1" value="192.168.17.129"/> <PARAM name="sshIp1" value="192.168.17.129"/> <!--dbnode--> <PARAM name="dataNum" value="1"/> <PARAM name="dataPortBase" value="26000"/> <PARAM name="dataNode1" value="/opt/huawei/install/data/db1"/> <PARAM name="dataNode1_syncNum" value="0"/> </DEVICE> </DEVICELIST> </ROOT>

(3)设置lib库

 
vim .bashrc 添加 export GPHOME=/opt/huawei/install/om export PATH=$GPHOME/script/gspylib/pssh/bin:$GPHOME/script:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$GPHOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PYTHONPATH=$GPHOME/lib export GAUSSHOME=/opt/huawei/install/app export PATH=$GAUSSHOME/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$GAUSSHOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export S3_CLIENT_CRT_FILE=$GAUSSHOME/lib/client.crt export GAUSS_VERSION=2.0.0 export PGHOST=/opt/huawei/tmp export GAUSSLOG=/opt/huawei/log/omm umask 077 export GAUSS_ENV=2 export GS_CLUSTER_NAME=singlenode

(4)执行交互式初始化

①预安装

操作如下:

 
1 cd /opt/software/openGauss/script 2 root@node1 script]#python3 gs_preinstall -U omm -G dbgrp -X /opt/software/openGauss/cluster_config_template.xml Parsing the configuration file. Successfully parsed the configuration file. Installing the tools on the local node. Successfully installed the tools on the local node. Setting pssh path Successfully set core path. Are you sure you want to create the user[omm] and create trust for it (yes)? yes Preparing SSH service. Successfully prepared SSH service. Checking OS software. Successfully check os software. Checking OS version. Successfully checked OS version. Creating cluster's path. Successfully created cluster's path. Setting SCTP service. Successfully set SCTP service. Set and check OS parameter. Setting OS parameters. Successfully set OS parameters. Warning: Installation environment contains some warning messages. Please get more details by "/opt/software/openGauss/script/gs_checkos -i A -h node1 --detail". Set and check OS parameter completed. Preparing CRON service. Successfully prepared CRON service. Setting user environmental variables. Successfully set user environmental variables. Setting the dynamic link library. Successfully set the dynamic link library. Setting Core file Successfully set core path. Setting pssh path Successfully set pssh path. Set ARM Optimization. No need to set ARM Optimization. Fixing server package owner. Setting finish flag. Successfully set finish flag. Preinstallation succeeded.

当出现“Preinstallation succeeded.”时,预安装成功。

②安装

进入script目录后进行正式安装,命令如下,其中“/opt/software/openGauss/cluster_config_template.xml”为前几步中编辑的配置文件。

此过程需要输入密码,且设置的密码要符合复杂度要求如下:

最少包含8个字符;

不能和用户名和当前密码(ALTER)相同,或和当前密码反序;

至少包含大写字母(A-Z),小写字母(a-z),数字,非字母数字字符(限定为~!@#$%^&*()-_=+|[{}];:,<.>/?)四类字符中的三类字符:

 
[omm@node1 openGauss]$ cd script/ [omm@node1 script]$ gs_install -X /opt/software/openGauss/cluster_config_template.xml Parsing the configuration file. Check preinstall on every node. Successfully checked preinstall on every node. Creating the backup directory. Successfully created the backup directory. begin deploy.. Installing the cluster. begin prepare Install Cluster.. Checking the installation environment on all nodes. begin install Cluster.. Installing applications on all nodes. Successfully installed APP. begin init Instance.. encrypt cipher and rand files for database. Please enter password for database: Please repeat for database: begin to create CA cert files The sslcert will be generated in /opt/huawei/install/app/sslcert/om Cluster installation is completed. Configuring. Deleting instances from all nodes. Successfully deleted instances from all nodes. Checking node configuration on all nodes. Initializing instances on all nodes. Updating instance configuration on all nodes. Check consistence of memCheck and coresCheck on database nodes. Configuring pg_hba on all nodes. Configuration is completed. Successfully started cluster. Successfully installed application. end deploy..

测试安装是否成功,首先需要使数据库处于开启状态,然后输入”gsql -d postgres -p 26000”命令使数据库在本地运行,其中-p 为数据库端口dataPortBase,具体数值在前述过程中xml配置文件中确定,这里为26000。

command1.png
command2.png

2.Opengauss连接设置

(1)安装java,确认jdk版本为1.8

(2)从官网下载jdbc压缩包后,将其解压至路径/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.8.0-openjdk-1.8.0.302.b08-0.el7_9.x86_64/jre/lib/ext下

(3)配置数据库服务器中的白名单与监听名单

①以操作系统用户omm登录数据库主节点
②执行如下命令增加对外提供服务的网卡IP或者主机名(英文逗号分隔),其中NodeName为当前节点名称,如:
 
gs_guc reload -N NodeName -I all -c "listen_addresses='localhost,192.168.17.129'"
③执行如下命令在数据库主节点配置文件中增加一条认证规则。(这里假设客户端IP地址为192.168.17.129,即远程连接的机器的IP地址)
 
gs_guc reload -N all -I all -h "host all yushan 192.168.17.129/32 sha256"
  • -N all表示openGauss中的所有主机。
  • -I all表示主机中的所有实例。
  • -h表示指定需要在“pg_hba.conf”增加的语句。
  • all表示允许客户端连接到任意的数据库。
  • yushan表示连接数据库的用户。
  • 192.168.17.129/32表示只允许IP地址为192.168.17.129的主机连接。在使用过程中,请根据用户的网络进行配置修改。32表示子网掩码为1的位数,即255.255.255.255
  • sha256表示连接时jack用户的密码使用sha256算法加密。

与之效果相同的代替操作:

在/opt/huawei/install/data/db1路径(创建的节点名叫db1)下编辑pg_hba.conf文件

pg_hbaconf.png

(4)通过编写java程序即可连接,example如下

 
import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.sql.Statement; import java.sql.CallableStatement; public class test{ public static Connection getConnect(String username, String passwd) { //驱动类。 String driver = "org.postgresql.Driver"; //数据库连接描述符。 String sourceURL = "jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:26000/postgres"; Connection conn = null;
    <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span>
    {
        <span class="hljs-comment">//加载驱动。</span>
        Class.forName(driver);
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span>( Exception e )
    {
        e.printStackTrace();
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">null</span>;
    }
    
    <span class="hljs-keyword">try</span>
    {
         <span class="hljs-comment">//创建连接。</span>
        conn = DriverManager.getConnection(sourceURL, username, passwd);
        System.out.println(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;Connection succeed!&quot;</span>);
    }
    <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span>(Exception e)
    {
        e.printStackTrace();
        <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> <span class="hljs-literal">null</span>;
    }
    
    <span class="hljs-keyword">return</span> conn;
};
<span class="hljs-keyword">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">void</span> <span class="hljs-title function_">main</span><span class="hljs-params">(String[] args)</span> {
	<span class="hljs-comment">// TODO Auto-generated method stub</span>
	<span class="hljs-type">Connection</span> <span class="hljs-variable">conn</span> <span class="hljs-operator">=</span> getConnect(<span class="hljs-string">&quot;yushan&quot;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&quot;1qaz@wsx&quot;</span>);
	<span class="hljs-comment">//BatchInsertData(conn);</span>
	<span class="hljs-keyword">try</span> {
		conn.close();  
		} <span class="hljs-keyword">catch</span> (SQLException e) {    
			e.printStackTrace();  
		}
}

}

编译执行程序后,如图,连接成功。

connectsuccess.png

三、安装过程中碰到的问题与解决办法

1.问题1

在安装结束后,准备运行后,发现gsom 无法启动。

解决过程:

猜测可能是内存不足,虚拟机一开始设置的内存为1G,查阅相关博客发现,1G内存对于企业版不足,后将虚拟机内存设置为3G。

2.问题2

运行gsom后报错如下

question21.png

解决过程:

检查发现pg_hba.conf文件配置出错,修改如下

question22.png

3.问题3

一开始安装的虚拟机为centos8,进行预安装后发现不支持该版本操作系统。

解决过程:

切换为centos7.9,但依然报错,因此修改/etc/redhat-release文件中系统版本为CentOS Linux release 7.6(Core)

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