SpringBoot 3.1.7 集成Kafka 3.5.0

admin • 2024-01-29 21:31 • 研发管理

一、背景

写这边篇文章的目的，是记录我在集成kafka客户端遇到的一些问题，文章会记录整个接入的过程，其中会遇到几个坑，如果需要最终版本，直接看最后一节就行了，感觉Spring-Kafka的文档太少了，如果采用SpringBoot集成的方式接入，一不小可能就会踩坑

二、操作步骤

1 添加依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

2 添加配置文件

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev
  application:
    name: goods-center
  kafka:
    bootstrap-servers: 192.168.31.114:9092
    producer:
      acks: all
      timeout.ms: 5000
      # 值序列化：使用Json
      value-serializer: org.springframework.kafka.support.serializer.JsonSerializer
      key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.LongSerializer
      enable:
        idempotence: true # 默认为True
    consumer:
      group-id: goods-center
      value-deserializer: org.springframework.kafka.support.serializer.JsonDeserializer
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.LongDeserializer
      enable-auto-commit: false # 取消自动提交

3 生产者代码

package com.ychen.goodscenter.fafka;


import com.ychen.goodscenter.vo.req.SubmitOrderReq;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.KafkaTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MessageProducer {
    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
    @Autowired
    private KafkaTemplate<Long, SubmitOrderReq> kafkaTemplate;

    public void sendOrderMessage(SubmitOrderReq msg) {
        kafkaTemplate.send(TopicConstants.ORDER_MESSAGE_TOPIC, msg.getOrderId(), msg);
        logger.info("order-message-topic message sent, orderId: {}", msg.getOrderId());
    }
}

4 消费者代码

package com.ychen.goodscenter.fafka;

import com.ychen.goodscenter.service.OrderService;
import com.ychen.goodscenter.vo.req.SubmitOrderReq;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.Consumer;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.dao.DuplicateKeyException;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MessageListener {
    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;

    @KafkaListener(topics = "order-message-topic")
    public void processMessage(Consumer<Long, SubmitOrderReq> consumer, SubmitOrderReq submitOrderReq) {
        try {
            logger.info("order-message-topic message received, orderId: {}", submitOrderReq.getOrderId());
            orderService.submitOrder(submitOrderReq);
            // 同步提交
            consumer.commitSync();
            logger.info("order-message-topic message acked: orderId: {}", submitOrderReq.getOrderId());
        } catch (DuplicateKeyException dupe) {
            // 处理异常情况
            logger.error("order-message-topic message processMessage data DuplicateKeyException", dupe);
            // 重复数据，忽略掉，同步提交
            consumer.commitSync();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 处理异常情况
            logger.error("order-message-topic message processMessage error", e);
        }
    }
}

三、开始踩坑了

1 添加信任自己包

Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: The class 'com.ychen.goodscenter.vo.req.SubmitOrderReq' is not in the trusted packages: [java.util, java.lang]. If you believe this class is safe to deserialize, please provide its name. If the serialization is only done by a trusted source, you can also enable trust all (*).
	at org.springframework.kafka.support.mapping.DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper.getClassIdType(DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper.java:129)
	at org.springframework.kafka.support.mapping.DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper.toJavaType(DefaultJackson2JavaTypeMapper.java:103)
	at org.springframework.kafka.support.serializer.JsonDeserializer.deserialize(JsonDeserializer.java:572)
	at org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.internals.Fetcher.parseRecord(Fetcher.java:1429)
	... 15 common frames omitted

原因：因为我在消费消息时用了json序列化，需要给这个序列化，添加信任自己包，不加json序列号会报错

解决方法：添加配置

spring:
  kafka:
    consumer:
      properties:
        spring.json.trusted.packages: "com.ychen.**"

解决途径：百度

2 consumer.commitSync(); 无效

问题发现：当我正在批量消费消息时，强制重启应用进程，发现有部分消息丢失了，没有处理

我发了5000个样本请求，最后只生成了4912 个订单（中途强制重启了2次）

问题分析：有2中可能

第一种：之前配置的enable-auto-commit: false 是无效的。

第二种： consumer.commitSync(); 一次将批量拉取的offset提交了

问题排查：

通过在 consumer.commitSync(); 代码之前和之后分别打一个断点，然后发送一批数据

consumer.commitSync(); 之前：

consumer.commitSync(); 之后

结果发生了突变，说明是consumer.commitSync();执行之后引发的offset突变

翻阅源码：

总体而言，通过官方文档和源代码，我们可以确定 commitSync() 提交的是已经成功拉取到的消息的最大 offset，而不是当前正在处理的消息的 offset。

3 缺少AckMode 配置

既然consumer.commitSync();无法在批量处理消息的环境保证消息不丢失，那么需要寻找新的解决方案：

在org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener 类的注释上面有写到可以使用org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment

然后我们消费者的代码改造后为：

package com.ychen.goodscenter.fafka;

import com.ychen.goodscenter.service.OrderService;
import com.ychen.goodscenter.vo.req.SubmitOrderReq;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.dao.DuplicateKeyException;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MessageListener {
    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;

    @KafkaListener(topics = "order-message-topic")
    public void processMessage(ConsumerRecord<Long, SubmitOrderReq> record, Acknowledgment acknowledgment) {
        try {
            logger.info("order-message-topic message received, orderId: {}", record.value().getOrderId());
            orderService.submitOrder(record.value());
            // 同步提交
            acknowledgment.acknowledge();
            logger.info("order-message-topic message acked: orderId: {}", record.value().getOrderId());
        } catch (DuplicateKeyException dupe) {
            // 处理异常情况
            logger.error("order-message-topic message processMessage data DuplicateKeyException", dupe);
            // 重复数据，忽略掉，同步提交
            acknowledgment.acknowledge();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 处理异常情况
            logger.error("order-message-topic message processMessage error", e);
        }
    }
}

Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: No Acknowledgment available as an argument, the listener container must have a MANUAL AckMode to populate the Acknowledgment.

这里我也有点不懂了，明明已经配置自动提交了，还需要配置 ack-mode: MANUAL，既然他说要那就配置吧

在application.yml 增加配置

spring:
  kafka:
    listener:
      ack-mode: MANUAL

现在准备2000个样本，然后让消费者实例强制重启2次，看看数据库的订单数量是否为2000条

现在正确了，支持系统宕机仍然不丢失消息了

四、最终的配置文件和消费者代码

1 配置文件

spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev
  application:
    name: goods-center
  kafka:
    bootstrap-servers: 192.168.31.114:9092
    listener:
      ack-mode: MANUAL
    producer:
      acks: all
      timeout.ms: 5000
      # 值序列化：使用Json
      value-serializer: org.springframework.kafka.support.serializer.JsonSerializer
      key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.LongSerializer
      enable:
        idempotence: true # 默认为True
    consumer:
      properties:
        spring.json.trusted.packages: "com.ychen.**" # 信任自己包，不加json序列号会报错
      group-id: goods-center
      value-deserializer: org.springframework.kafka.support.serializer.JsonDeserializer
      key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.LongDeserializer
      enable-auto-commit: false # 取消自动提交

2 消费者代码

package com.ychen.goodscenter.fafka;

import com.ychen.goodscenter.service.OrderService;
import com.ychen.goodscenter.vo.req.SubmitOrderReq;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.dao.DuplicateKeyException;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.kafka.support.Acknowledgment;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MessageListener {
    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;

    @KafkaListener(topics = "order-message-topic")
    public void processMessage(ConsumerRecord<Long, SubmitOrderReq> record, Acknowledgment acknowledgment) {
        try {
            logger.info("order-message-topic message received, orderId: {}", record.value().getOrderId());
            orderService.submitOrder(record.value());
            // 同步提交
            acknowledgment.acknowledge();
            logger.info("order-message-topic message acked: orderId: {}", record.value().getOrderId());
        } catch (DuplicateKeyException dupe) {
            // 处理异常情况
            logger.error("order-message-topic message error DuplicateKeyException", dupe);
            // 重复数据，忽略掉，同步提交
            acknowledgment.acknowledge();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            // 处理异常情况
            logger.error("order-message-topic message error unknown ", e);
        }
    }
}

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